TA的每日心情 | 2020-7-30 14:47 |
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j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x.pdf
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Many different denitions for multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pandrug-resistant (PDR) bacteria are being used in the medical literature to characterize the different patterns of resistance found in healthcare-associated, antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. A group of international experts came together through a joint initiative by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), to create a standardized international terminology with which to describe acquired resistance proles in Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae (other than Salmonella and Shigella), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp., all bacteria often responsible for healthcare-associated infec-tions and prone to multidrug resistance. Epidemiologically signicant antimicrobial categories were constructed for each bacterium.
Lists of antimicrobial categories proposed for antimicrobial susceptibility testing were created using documents and breakpoints from the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) and the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). MDR was dened as acquired non-susceptibility to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories, XDR was dened as non-susceptibility to at least one agent in all but two or fewer antimi-crobial categories (i.e. bacterial isolates remain susceptible to only one or two categories) and PDR was dened as non-susceptibility to all agents in all antimicrobial categories. To ensure correct application of these denitions, bacterial isolates should be tested against all or nearly all of the antimicrobial agents within the antimicrobial categories and selective reporting and suppression of results should be avoided.
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